It is the process of chemical weathering by which minerals containing soda, lime, potash are other basic oxides are changed to carbonates by the action of carbon dioxide and water. Concrete is the most used material / product in construction industry. Concrete structures exposed to atmospheric carbon dioxide emitted from various sources, in presence of moisture / water and as describe in the above reaction, atmospheric carbon dioxide diffuses slowly through the concrete and the process of carbonation is initiated, the ph of concrete slowly turns acidic and starts rusting the reinforcing steel bars. Once concrete is rusting, concrete starts spalls and falls-off leaving an open passage for contaminants to easy penetrate in to the matrix of the concrete. Anti-carbonation coatings are surface treatments that have a high resistance to carbon dioxide. They protect concrete from carbonation by acting as a carbon dioxide barrier. But prior to the application of coating, it is very important to study the failure pattern and consider other product for repair treatment.
Epoxy floor coatings are commonly used for commercial and industrial flooring. Epoxy coatings are normally applied over concrete floors to provide a high-performance, smooth, and durable surface that can last many years and withstand heavy loads. Many industrial sites, warehouses, and commercial buildings rely on epoxy floors to maintain clean and safe conditions for workers, equipment, and inventory.
A polyurethane coating is a polyurethane layer applied to the surface of a substrate for the purpose of protecting it. These coatings help protect substrates from various types of defects such as corrosion, weathering, abrasion and other deteriorating processes. Polyurethane itself is a type of polymer that is connected to a chemical compound group known as carbamates. This polymer material is also thermosetting in nature; in other words, it burns rather than melts when heated. Another characteristic of polyurethane coatings is its customizability. These coatings can be formulated to be glossy, muted, opaque or transparent. While polyurethane coatings may appear to be visually similar to other coatings (e.g., epoxy), they possess several distinct properties that make them ideal for specific situations.
Elastomeric coatings are protective barriers applied on interior and exterior walls as wall paints. Elastomeric coatings can be water-based coatings and paints or acrylic latex paints. They are applied as a thick coat on concrete structures. Elastomeric coatings or acrylic resin coatings fall in the category of latex paints because they have a milky color when wet; and after drying they become flexible, stretchable and transparent. Elastomeric coatings are best used for painting structures which require the kind of paint that forms a barrier against moisture. Elastomeric coatings are typically used on exterior elements, such as concrete walls, roofs and floors.